Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
2020 Geography Paper 1
Section A
Answer all the questions in this section.
1. (a) Define the term environment.(2 marks)
(b) Name two divisions of physical Geography.(2 marks)
2.(a) Give three characteristics of comets.(3 marks)
(b) State three proofs that show the shape of the earth is spherical(3 marks)
3.(a) Give two types of igneous rocks.(2 marks)
(b) Identify three uses of rocks.(3 marks)
4. The table below shows the rainfall and temperature data for town Y. Use it to answer
| Month | J | F | M | A | M | J | J | A | S | O | N | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Temperature (ºC) | 21 | 21 | 20 | 18 | 15 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 20 |
| Rainfall (mm) | 24 | 25 | 30 | 74 | 17 | 143 | 131 | 126 | 70 | 55 | 31 | 27 |
(a)(i) What is the mean annual range of temperature?(1 mark)
(ii) Calculate the rainfall totals for town Y.(1 mark)
(b) State three climatic conditions experienced in the hot deserts.(3 marks)
5.(a) Differentiate between ocean and sea.(2 marks)
(b) The diagram below shows some coastal features. Name the features marked E, F, and G. (3 marks)
Answer question 6 and any other two questions from this section.
6. Study the map of Kijabe 1:50,000 provided and answer the following questions.
(a)(i) Convert the scale of the map extract into a statement scale.( 2 marks)
(ii) What is the bearing of the pump house at grid square 3893 from the trigonometrical station at Mweri?( 2 marks)
(iii) Calculate the area of the part of the forest to the east of easting 40 and south of northing 97. Give your answer in square kilometres.(2 marks)
(b)(i) Apart from forest, give three types of natural vegetation found in the area covered by the map.(3 marks)
(ii) Identify the three river drainage patterns found in the area covered by the map.(3 marks)
(c)(i) Using a vertical scale of 1 cm to represent 100 metres, draw a cross section from the water tank on grid square 2592 to the peak of Kijabe hill on grid square 2699. (4 marks)
On it, mark and label the following:
(I) All weather road-bound surface(1 mark)
(II) Railway line(1 mark)
(III) Steep slope.(1 mark)
(ii) Calculate the vertical exaggeration of the cross section.(2 marks)
(d) Citing evidence from the map, identify two economic activities in the area covered by the map.(4 marks)
7.(a)(i) Define the term vulcanicity (2 marks)
(ii) Name the three stages in the life cycle of a volcano.(3 marks)
(b)(i) Lava plateau(4 marks)
(ii) Geyser(4 marks)
(iii) Caldera(4 marks)
(c) Explain four positive ways in which volcanic features influence human activities.(8 marks)
8. The map below shows some vegetation regions of the world. Use it to answer question a (i) and a (ii). (a)(i) Name the vegetation marked H, J and K.(3 marks)
(ii) Describe the characteristics of the vegetation found in the area shaded and marked L. (6 marks)
(b) Explain how each of the following factors influence distribution of vegetation: (i) Rainfall(2 marks)
(ii) Soils.(2 marks)
(c) State five uses of Savanna vegetation.(5 marks)
(d) You intend to carry out a field study on vegetation within the local environment. (i) State three objectives you would formulate for the study.(3 marks)
(ii) Give four reasons why it is important to have a work schedule.(4 marks)
9.(a)(i) Apart from biological weathering, list two other types of weathering. (2 marks)
(ii) Explain ways in which plants cause weathering of rocks.(6 marks)
(b) Explain how each of the following physical factors influence mass wasting: (i) Earth movement(2 marks)
(ii) Nature of rock materials.(2 marks)
(c) Describe each of the following processes of mass wasting: (i) Avalanche(2 marks)
(ii) Rock fall.(3 marks)
(d) Describe each of the following types of mass wasting: (i) Earth flow (4 marks)
(ii) Slump.(4 marks)
10.(a)(i) Give three features found in the upper stage of a river.(3 marks)
(ii) State four factors that favour the formation of braided channels.(4 marks)
(b) Explain the processes by which a river transports its load.(8 marks)
(c) With the aid of well labelled diagrams, describe how a river capture occurs.(7 marks)
(d) State three negative effects of rivers to human environment. (3 marks)
