W1-2-60-1-6
JOMO KENYATTA UNIVERSITY
OF
AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY
University Examinations 2014/2015
THIRD YEAR SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
MMB 2373 : ETHICS AND RISKS IN MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
DATE: APRIL 2015 TIME: 2 HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS: ANSWER QUESTION ONE (COMPULSORY) AND
ANY OTHER TWO QUESTIONS.
QUESTION ONE (30 MARKS)
(a) Define the following:
(i) Beneficence. [1 mark]
(ii) Autonomy. [1 mark]
(iii) Maleficence. [1 mark]
(iv) Justice. [1 mark]
(v) Descriptive ethics. [1 mark]
(vi) Normative ethics. [1 mark]
(b) Briefly explain the important aspects of Nuffield Council on Bioethics (infectious diseases). [5 marks]
(c) (i) Differentiate between risk and benefit in research. [2 marks]
(ii) Explain briefly types of risks to research subjects in medical
microbiology. [4 marks]
(d) Explain briefly elements of informed consent. [5 marks]
(e) Briefly describe Class II Biosafety cabinet. [5 marks]
(f) Outline eight guidelines to be followed during collection of specimens in a microbiology laboratory. [4 marks]
QUESTION TWO (20 MARKS)
Discuss ethical review as an important aspect of medical microbiology research. [20 marks]
QUESTION THREE (20 MARKS)
Discuss internal quality control in microbiology. [20 marks]
QUESTION FOUR (20 MARKS)
Discuss waste management disposal guidelines and decontamination in a microbiology laboratory. [20 marks]
