Geography Paper 1
SECTION A
Answer all the questions in this section.
1. (a) Define the term atmosphere.(2 marks)
(b) State the composition of the inner core.(3 marks)
2. (a) Name three types of folds.(3 marks)
(b) State three factors that determine the folding of crustal rocks.(3 marks)
3. The diagram below represents some volcanic features. Use it to answer the questions below.
Name the features marked P, Q, R and S.
4. (a) Identify the main characteristics of the ocean water.(2 marks)
(b) Give three factors that influence wave deposition.(3 marks)
5. (a) List the three types of dunes. (3 marks)
(b) Identify two processes through which wind transports materials in arid areas. (2 marks)
SECTION B
Answer question 6 and any other two questions from this section.
6. Study the map of Taita Hills 1:50,000 (sheet 189/4) provided and answer the following questions.
(a) (i) Give the four figure grid reference of the trigonometrical station (2208m). (1 mark)
(ii) What is the general direction of the flow of River Voi (Goshi)? (1 mark)
(b) (i) Measure the length of the road labelled A23. Give your answer in kilometres. (2 marks)
(ii) Citing evidence from the map, identify three social services offered in the area covered by the map. (6 marks)
(c) Describe the relief of the area covered by the map. (7 marks)
(d) Citing evidence front the map, explain four factors that may have influenced agricultural activities in the area. (8 marks)
7. (a) (i) What is a rock? (2 marks)
(ii) Give Evo examples of plutonic igneous rocks. (2 marks)
(b) Describe the processes of formation of each of the following types of sedimentary rocks:
(i) Mechanically formed.(4 marks)
(ii) Organically formed.(4 marks)
(c) State the characteristics of rocks.(5 marks)
(d) You are planning to carry out a field study on rocks within the local environment.
(i) List three methods you would use to record data.(3 marks)
(ii) State three problems you are likely to encounter.(3 marks)
(iii) Give Evo economic uses of rocks you are likely to identify.(2 marks)
8. (a) (i) Identify the two types of earthquake waves.(2 marks)
(ii) Describe the two ways through which the strength of an earthquake is measured.(2 marks)
(b) (i) Explain how vulcanicity causes earthquakes.(6 marks)
(ii) Name three major earthquake zones of the world.(3 marks)
(c) Explain four effects of earthquakes on the human environment.(8 marks)
9. (a) Name two types of landslides.(2 marks)
(b) Explain how each of the following factors influence mass wasting:
(i) Climate(6 marks)
(ii) Slope(2 marks)
(c) (i) State four causes of soil creep.(4 marks)
(ii) Using a diagram, describe the process of solifluction.(5 marks)
(d) You intend to carry out a field study on the effects of mass wasting within the local environment.
(i) Give two methods of data collection that you would use for the study. (2 marks)
(ii) State two negative effects of mass wasting on the physical environment that you are likely to identify. (2 marks)
(iii) Give two follow-up activities you would be involved in after the field study. (2 marks)
10. (a) (i) Name the three types of river erosion.(3 marks)
(ii) Describe each of the following processes of river erosion:
I. Abrasion(4 marks)
II. Solution(3 marks)
(c) Describe the characteristics of the upper stage of a river.(6 marks)
(d) (i) What is river rejuvenation?(2 marks)
(ii) Give four causes of river rejuvenation.(4 marks)
(iii) Identify three features that result from river rejuvenation.(3 marks)
