Geography Paper 1 (312/1)
SECTION A
Answer ALL the questions in this section.
1 The diagram below shows the angles of the sun’s rays at different latitudes when the sun is at the equator.
Use it to answer questions (a) and (b).
(a) Name the parts of the earth’s surface marked J and K. (2 marks)
(b) Give two reasons why the intensity of the insulation is higher at M than at N, (2 marks)
2 (a) What is Weathering? (2 marks)
(b) Give three factors that influence the rate of weathering. (3 marks)
3 The diagram below shows a composite volcano
(a) Name the features marked P, Q and R.(3 marks)
(b) How is a parasitic cone formed?(3 marks)
4 (a) What is land breeze?(2 marks)
(b) Give two ways in which sea breezes influence the adjacent land.(2 marks)
5 The diagram below shows ways through which wind transports its load.
(a) Name the three ways labelled E, F and G. (3 marks)
(b) Name three features produced by wind abrasion in arid areas. (3 marks)
SECTION B
Answer question 6 and any two other questions from this section.
6 Study the map of Nkubu (1 :50,000) sheet 122/1 provided and answer the following questions.
(i) Give the latitudinal and longitudinal position of the North East corner of the map extract. (2 marks)
(ii) Give two methods used to represent relief on the map. (2 marks)
(iii) What is the relief feature found at the top of Kirui Hill within Mt. Kenya forest. (1 mark)
(iv) Apart from administration. give three other services that are provided at Nkubu Divisional Headquarters. (3 marks)
(b) (i) What is the length in kilometers of the all-Weather bound surface road from the bridge at Nkubu water works (509935) to the road junction near Gitimbi (509995)? (2 marks)
(ii) State three problems that may be encountered during construction of roads in the area covered by the map. (3 marks)
(c) Citing evidence from the map, give three reasons why cattle rearing is widespread in Nkubu area. (6 marks)
(d) Describe the drainage of the area covered by the map. (6 marks)
7 (a) (i) State three conditions that are necessary for siting a weather station. (3 marks)
(ii) Give four reasons why weather forecasting is important. (4 marks)
(b) The table below shows the temperature and rainfall figures for a weather station in Kenya. Use it to answer question (b) and (c).
Calculate:
(i) The mean annual temperature for the station. (2 marks)
(ii) The annual range of temperature for the station. (2 marks)
(c) (i) On the graph paper provided, draw a bar graph to represent the rainfall figures for the station. Use a vertical scale of 1cm to represent 20mm. (5 marks)
(ii) Describe the characteristics of the climate experienced at the weather station. (3 marks)
(d) Suppose you visited a weather station for a field study on weather;
(i) Give three methods you would use to collect data. (3 marks)
(ii) State three advantages of studying weather through fieldwork. (3 marks)
8 The map below shows the location of some mountain ranges.
(a) Name the ranges marked P, Q, R and S. (4 marks)
(b) (i) Apart from fold mountains, name three other features resulting from folding. ( 3 marks)
(ii) With the aid of labelled diagrams, describe how fold mountains are formed. (10 marks)
(c) Explain the significance of fold mountains to human activities. (8 marks)
9 (a) (i) What are tides? (2 marks)
(ii) Give three causes of ocean currents. (3 marks)
(iii) Name the three ocean currents along the western coast of Africa. (3 marks)
(b) (i) State three characteristics of submerged lowland coasts. (3 marks)
(ii) Explain three factors that determine the rate of coastal erosion. (6 marks)
(c) With the aid of labelled diagrams, describe the process through which a stack is formed. (8 marks)
10 (a) (i) What is a lake? (2 marks)
(ii) Name two crater lakes in Kenya. (2 marks)
(b) Describe how the following lakes are formed.
(i) corrie lake(4 marks)
(ii) oasis(4 marks)
(iii) lagoon.(4 marks)
(c) (i) Give three reasons why some lakes in Kenya have saline water.(3 marks)
( ii) Explain how each of the following has affected lakes in Kenya:
-deforestation(2 marks)
–industrialization(2 marks)
-water needs.(2 marks)
