principles of web devt sample notesFullscreen Mode
TOPIC 1:
INTRODUCTION TO WEB DEVELOPMENT
Web app development concepts
Web app development is the creation of application programs that reside on remote servers and are delivered to the user‘s device over the Internet.
Web programming refers to the writing, markup and coding involved in Web development, which includes Web content, Web client and server scripting and network security. The most common languages used for Web programming are XML, HTML, JavaScript, Perl 5 and PHP.
Web – Basic Concepts
What is Internet?
The Internet is essentially a global network of computing resources. You can think of the Internet as a physical collection of routers and circuits as a set of shared
resources.
Some common definitions given in the past include −
A network of networks based on the TCP/IP communications protocol.
A community of people who use and develop those networks.
A community of people who use and develop those networks.
Internet-Based Services
Some of the basic services available to Internet users are −
Email − A fast, easy, and inexpensive way to communicate with other Internet users around the world.
Telnet − Allows a user to log into a remote computer as though it were a local system.
FTP − Allows a user to transfer virtually every kind of file that can be stored on a computer from one Internet-connected computer to another.
UseNet news − A distributed bulletin board that offers a combination news and discussion service on thousands of topics.
World Wide Web (WWW) − A hypertext interface to Internet information resources.
What is WWW?
WWW stands for World Wide Web. A technical definition of the World Wide Web is − All the resources and users on the Internet that are using the Hypertext transfer
A broader definition comes from the organization that Web inventor Tim Berners- Lee helped found, the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C): The World Wide Web is the universe of network-accessible information, an embodiment of human knowledge.
In simple terms, The World Wide Web is a way of exchanging information between computers on the Internet, tying them together into a vast collection of interactive multimedia resources.
What is HTTP?
HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol. This is the protocol being used to transfer hypertext documents that makes the World Wide Web possible.
A standard web address such as Yahoo.com is called a URL and here the prefix http indicates its protocol
What is URL?
URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator, and is used to specify addresses on the World Wide Web. A URL is the fundamental network identification for any
resource connected to the web (e.g., hypertext pages, images, and sound files).
A URL will have the following format −
protocol://hostname/other_information
The protocol specifies how information is transferred from a link. The protocol used for web resources is HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP). Other protocols
compatible with most web browsers include FTP, telnet, newsgroups, and Gopher.
The protocol is followed by a colon, two slashes, and then the domain name. The domain name is the computer on which the resource is located.
Links to particular files or subdirectories may be further specified after the domain name. The directory names are separated by single forward slashes.
What is Website?
You may be in a specific website as Tutorialspoint.com which is a collection of various pages written in HTML markup language. This is a location on the web
where people can find tutorials on latest technologies. Similarly, there are millions of websites available on the web.
Each page available on the website is called a web page and first page of any website is called home page for that site.
What is Web Server?
Every Website sits on a computer known as a Web server. This server is always connected to the internet. Every Web server that is connected to the Internet is given
a unique address made up of a series of four numbers between 0 and 256 separated by periods. For example, 68.178.157.132 or 68.122.35.127
