UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2020/2021
EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY /SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT/ INFO.
SECURITY & FORENCIS
BIT 2307/ BSD 3207/ BISF 2307: GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION
SYSTEMS (GIS)
FULL TIME/ PART TIME/ DISTANCE LEARNING
ORDINARY EXAMINATION
DATE: DECEMBER, 2021 TIME: 2 HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS: Question ONE IS COMPULSORY, Choose TWO OTHER Questions
QUESTION ONE (20 marks) Compulsory
a) Explain the difference between a map projection and a coordinate reference system
(4 Marks)
b) List and explain the three (3) families of map projections (6 Marks)
c) List and explain any four (4) main sources of GIS data (2 Marks)
d) GIS data editing is the process of detecting and correcting the errors introduced into data
during the data capture process. List and explain any two (2) editing modes in GIS
(4 Marks)
e) List and explain any two (2) types of digitizing errors in GIS (2 Marks)
f) List and explain any two (2) core components of meta-data in a map (2 Marks)
QUESTION TW0 (15 marks)
a) Define geoprocessing in GIS (2 Marks)
b) List and explain any four (4) factors that contribute to the implementation of successful GIS
projects? (6 Marks)
c) Show the three (3) techniques that can be used to represent a map scale (3 Marks)
d) With the aid of a diagram explain the various varying staff roles of groups who might be
involved in GIS implementation? (4 Marks)
QESTION THREE (15 marks)
a) What is data visualization? (2 Marks)
b) List and explain any five (5) common map elements (5 Marks)
c) What is a land information system? (2 Marks)
d) Recently in Kenya, the Cabinet Secretary, in consultation with the National Land Commission
and county governments, developed the National Land Information Management System
(NLIMS). The system dubbed ‘Ardhi Sasa’ was formally launched on 27th April 2021 by the
President of the Republic of Kenya, H.E Uhuru Kenyatta. List and explain any four (4) services
provided by the system? (4 Marks)
e) Explain any four (4) main processes that can be applied on vector data? (2 Marks)
QUESTION FOUR (15 marks)
a) List and explain any characteristics of spatial data (4 Marks)
b) List and explain the two (2) types of coordinate reference systems (CRS) (2 Marks)
c) What is GPS? (1 Mark)
d) How does a GPS receiver compute a user’s exact position? (2 Marks)
e) List and explain any four (4) types of resolution in Remote sensing (6 Marks)
