UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2017/2018
EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN
APLIED COMPUTING
BAC5104 INFRASTRUCTURE IN NATIONAL SECURITY AND INTELLIGENCE
FULLTIME/PARTTIME
ORDINARY EXAMINATIONS
DATE: APRIL, 2018 TIME: 2 HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question One & ANY OTHER TWO questions.
QUESTION ONE [30 MARKS]
a) Distinguish between “routine activities” theory and “opportunity” theory as they relate to
crime prevention (4 Marks)
b) The Kenya Anti-terrorism Police Unit (ATPU) is a unit within the Directorate of Criminal
investigation in charge of terrorism-related cases.
i) Define the term “terrorism” (2 Marks)
ii) Discuss the ATPU mandate (8 Marks)
c) Discuss THREE characteristics of a nation that can increase its vulnerability to external
attacks (6 Marks)
d) How can residents of a geographic region be prevented from becoming violent extremists?
Discuss and offer suggestions. (6 Marks)
e) Outline any FOUR intrusion prevention activities (4 Marks)
QUESTION TWO [20 MARKS]
a) i) Distinguish between ‘national security’ and ‘foreign policy’. (2 Marks)
ii) Outline any FOUR objectives of Kenya’s foreign policy (4 Marks)
b) Discuss any FOUR benefits and FOUR challenges of applying intrusion detection systems
as a security mechanism (8 Marks)
c) Identify any SIX factors that can contribute to terrorism and unrest in a country. (6 Marks)
QUESTION THREE [20 MARKS]
a) In protecting internal security, a nation often encounters the following dilemmas:
i) Defining the enemy
ii) Representation
iii) Modus operandi
Explain each of these dilemmas and offer possible solutions (9 Marks)
b) Each nation has an inherent right to defend itself. Describe THREE defense forces that
secure and guarantee internal security and integrity of Kenya’s borders (3 Marks)
c) While planning for national defense, Kenya also includes measures that will ensure other
national activities continue to run. Discuss any FOUR key national activities that must be
run alongside military ones to ensure security (8 Marks)
QUESTION FOUR [20 MARKS]
a) Discuss THREE achievements that are aimed for in Kenya’s defense policy (6 Marks)
b) Assessment of Kenya’s security situation line with global, regional and internal security led
to formulation of FOUR key principles for national security. Discuss each of these
principles (8 Marks)
c) Discuss the distinct roles that defence forces play during the following times (6 Marks)
i) Peacetime
ii) Crisis
iii) War
QUESTION FIVE [20 MARKS]
Explain the following threats offer concerns for Kenya, and outline the strategies by Kenya to
deal with these threats:
a) Military threats (4 Marks)
b) Cyber threats (4 Marks)
c) National health security threats (4 Marks)
d) Environmental degradation (4 Marks)
e) Illegal exploitation of the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) (4 Marks)
