Month: September 2021

RISK AND RISK MANAGEMENT IN BANKS Introduction The increasing demand for risk management on the part of organizations, businesses and government authorities has been identified as a general societal trend emphasizing public accountability and responsibility. A bank has many risks Read More …

Prudential and conduct of business regulation Prudential regulation is mainly concerned with consumer protection. It relates to the monitoring and supervision of financial institutions, with particular attention paid to asset quality and capital adequacy. The case for prudential regulation is Read More …

Lender of last resort facility (LLR) Banks can borrow from the Federal Reserve’s/ Central Banks discount window. While discounting is a tool of monetary management, the 1 Fed/CBK can also use discounting to prevent bank panics. When the Fed acts Read More …

BANK REGULATION AND SUPERVISION The rationale for regulation Financial systems are prone to periods of instability. In recent years, a number of financial crises around the world (South-east Asia, Latin America and Russia, Global financial crisis) have brought about a Read More …

Financial Intermediaries and Information Costs Information costs make direct finance expensive and thus difficult to obtain. This generates the role of indirect financing and financial intermediation. Much of the information collected by intermediaries is used to reduce information costs and Read More …

INFORMATION ASYMMETRIES AND INFORMATION COSTS Information is a central element to efficient markets. When the costs of obtaining information are too high, some potentially beneficial transactions do not take place and markets tend to stall. Information costs sometimes make financial Read More …

FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION The efficiency of an economy is much determined by not only how developed the financial system is but also by the effectives of its financial intermediation. A health economy requires a well run intermediation process. A financial intermediary Read More …

HPR PAST PAPERS KNEC JULY 2016 HUMAN PUBLIC RELATIONS KNEC PAST PAPERS SECTION A State four financial publics of a company listed in the Nairobi Securities Exchange The table below represents the public transfer process. Fill in the missing information Read More …

TYPES OF GROUP WITHIN THE ORGANIZATION Refer to possible interaction groups within the organization. They include; Formal groups Informal groups INFORMAL GROUPS Refer to employees local arrangements within the work station for their own personal benefits and indirectly have little Read More …

PLANNING, IMPLEMENTING AND EVALUATING PUBLIC RELATIONS PROGRAMMES SUBTOPICS: Carrying out planning and implementation of public relations programme Factors considered when choosing implementers of public relations programme Method of evaluating public relations programme Introduction Research indicates that many PR practitioners cannot Read More …