Month: February 2021

SECTION 1. The Liability for personal acts 1.1. The wrongful act or fault  1.1.1. Culpability The culpability can consist in the fault as violation of a rule, as a fault without a violation of a rule or abuse of authority.Fault, Read More …

According the law a “person” is defined as a “being” that can have rights and duties or obligations, and that has, therefore, capacities to play a part in the life of a given community. Rwandan law distinguishes between two classes Read More …

SECTION1:  REVIEW OF KEY CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS REGARDING                         THE COURT SYSTEM As said above, there are several Constitution provisions related to the Court System. The Constitution and other laws are clear about the ordinary courts and specialized courts.  Ordinary Read More …

SECTION 1. MEANING As a scientific subject or discipline, Administrative law is an autonomous branch of public law comprising the special rules concerning the organisation and functioning of the administration, the activities of the administration and also litigation should be Read More …

There are two kinds of Sources of law: material and formal sources. SECTION 1. MATERIAL SOURCE OF LAW The material sources are the sources of inspiration of law. In other words, it is what is at the origin of the Read More …

SECTION 1. MEANING OF THE LAW AND OTHER KEY CONCEPTS DEFINITION OF LAW For a better understanding of the course, some key words need to be defined, the first of these being ‘Law’ itself.  The word ‘Law’ can have several Read More …

HORIZONTAL GROWTH Horizontal growth can be achieved through horizontal integration which is the development into activities which are competitive with, or complimentary to, a company’s present activities. Many companies have realised that there are opportunities in other markets for the Read More …

ECONOMIC INTEGRATION All countries must devise a commercial policy which will govern their trading relationships with other countries.  At an early stage in their economic development, countries might pursue a policy of self-sufficiency with a view to cultivating home industries.  Read More …

NOMINAL, EFFECTIVE AND REAL EXCHANGE RATES An exchange rate is simply the price of one currency in terms of another.  For example, suppose that, however unlikely it might be, RWF1 = $1.50 or RWF1 = Euro 2.50, etc.  These are Read More …

INTERNATIONAL TRADE How can free trade lead to an increase in economic welfare? Countries trade with each other so that their inhabitants can enjoy a higher standard of living.  Very few (if any) countries attempt to supply all their own Read More …