UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2017/2018
EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
BIT 4405: EXPERT SYSTEMS
FULL TIME/PART TIME
DATE: AUGUST 2018 TIME: 2 HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question One & ANY OTHER TWO questions.
QUESTION ONE
a) Explain the advantages of using rules (7 Marks)
b) Discuss the steps carried out by inference engine when in action (6 Marks)
c) Elaborate on the major characteristics of artificial intelligence (6 Marks)
d) Using an example explain how the deftemplate construct can be used to create a fact.
(6 Marks)
e) Discuss the following applications of expert systems
i) Credit Analysis (1 Mark)
ii) Customer Care (1 Mark)
iii) Pension Funding (1 Mark)
iv) Homeland Security (1 Mark)
v) Market surveillance (1 Mark)
QUESTION TWO
a) Discuss main features of Knowledge based systems (8 Marks)
b) Explain the following terms as used in expert systems (2 Marks)
c) Discuss the basic features of expert systems (6 Marks)
d) Explain the basic CLIPS commands used to manipulate facts (4 Marks)
QUESTION THREE
a) Explain the CLIPS primitive data types (6 Marks)
b) Explain the general format of a rule in CLIPS (4 Marks)
c) Explain the following code snippet (6 Marks)
d) CLIPS allows information to be read from the keyboard using the read function. Using a
code snippet show how this can be achieved. (4 Marks)
QUESTION FOUR
a) Bladder cancer occurs in about 1% of patients referred with urinary symptoms to a given
department of Urology. A new test has been proposed for the early detection of bladder
cancer with the following characteristics:
i) What is the prior probability of bladder cancer, p(Bladder Cancer) in this deparment?
(2 Marks)
ii) What are the prior odds on bladder cancer O(Bladder Cancer) (2 Marks)
iii) What is the Likelihood Ratio of a Test A Positive for Bladder Cancer? (2 Marks)
iv) What are the posterior probability p(Bladder Cancer | Test A positive) (2 Marks)
v) What are the posterior odds O(Bladder Cancer | Test A positive) (2 Marks)
b) Examine the difficulties encountered in knowledge acquisition (5 Marks)
c) Explain the considerations for evaluating a Knowledge Representation technique
(5 Marks)
QUESTION FIVE
a) Discuss the benefits of using expert systems (5 Marks)
b) “The function of a financial advisor is to help the user decide whether to invest in a
savings account, or the stock market, or both. The recommended investment depends on
the investor’s income and the current amount they have saved:
Individuals with inadequate savings should always increase the amount saved as their
first priority, regardless of income. Individuals with adequate savings and an adequate
income should consider riskier but potentially more profitable investment in the stock
market. Individuals with low income who already have adequate savings may want to
consider splitting their surplus income between savings and stocks, to increase the
cushion in savings while attempting to increase their income through stocks. The
adequacy of both savings and income is determined by the number of dependants an
individual must support. There must be at least £3000 in the bank for each dependant.
An adequate income is a steady income, and it must supply at least £9000 per year, plus
2500 dependant.” £for each dependant
Use an and-or graph to summarize this information. 15 Marks
